AIDS, which stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV attacks and weakens the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 T cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections. Over time, as HIV destroys these cells, the body becomes increasingly vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.
AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection, and it is characterized by a severely compromised immune system. A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an individual with HIV experiences significant immune system damage, indicated by a very low CD4 cell count or when they develop certain opportunistic infections or cancers associated with the syndrome.
While there is currently no cure for AIDS, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively manage HIV infection, helping individuals lead healthy lives and reducing the risk of transmission. Preventive measures, including safer sex practices and regular testing, are essential to control the spread of HIV and prevent the progression to AIDS.
UNAIDS head Winnie Byanyima warns of a potential drastic rise in new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths by 2029. Projected new HIV infections could reach 8.7 million, while AIDS-related deaths…